【欧洲·塞尔维亚】兹拉库萨陶器制作，兹拉库萨村的手工陶轮制陶 Zlakusa pottery making, hand-wheel pottery making in the village of Zlakusa（2020年）

Zlakusa（兹拉库萨）陶器制作，Zlakusa（兹拉库萨）村的手轮陶器制作涉及制作用于热食品加工的无釉器皿的知识和技能。Zlakusa（兹拉库萨）陶器用于塞尔维亚各地的家庭和餐馆，由粘土和方解石制成，轮子完全由手工操作。这一过程需要七到十天，包括制备粘土膏、成型、装饰、整理、干燥和烘焙。成品容器用木制或金属工具制成的几何装饰物进行装饰，一些容器还增加了把手。如今，传统的形状、锅、面包制作和肉煎锅以及厨房烤箱用的小平底锅已经适应了现代烹饪和供应食物的方式。相关知识和技能主要通过直接参与和社区内经验丰富的工匠一起工作来传播。兹拉库萨艺术节上的示威和在乌日兹艺术学校举办的课程提供了另一种关键的传播方式。Zlakusa（兹拉库萨）陶器经常出现在塞尔维亚各地的集市和节日上，在重要的家庭和社区活动中被广泛使用。据称，一些用Zlakusa（兹拉库萨）陶器在明火中烹制的菜肴具有独特的味道。此外，陶器与Zlakusa（兹拉库萨）村及其周边地区密切相关，因为它与提供原材料的自然环境密切相关。

2020年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Zlakusa pottery making, hand-wheel pottery making in the village of Zlakusa relates to the knowledge and skills involved in making unglazed vessels for thermic food processing. Used in households and restaurants across Serbia, Zlakusa pottery is made of clay and calcite and the wheel is run exclusively by hand. The process takes seven to ten days, and includes the preparation of clay paste, shaping, decoration, finishing, drying and baking. The finished vessels are decorated with geometrical ornaments made with wooden or metal tools, and handles are added to some vessels. Nowadays, traditional shapes, pots, bread-making and meat-frying pans and small pans for the kitchen oven have been adjusted to the modern way of preparing and serving food. The related knowledge and skills are mainly transmitted through direct participation and work alongside experienced craftspeople within the community. Demonstrations at the Zlakusa Festival and classes held at the Arts School in Užice provide another key mode of transmission. Zlakusa pottery is often presented at fairs and festivals throughout Serbia and the vessels are widely used during important family and community events. It is claimed that some dishes prepared in Zlakusa earthenware on an open fire have a unique taste. Moreover, the pottery is closely associated with the village of Zlakusa and its environs due to its close link with the natural environment, which provides the raw material.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2020.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region.