【美洲·玻利维亚】Pujllay and Ayarichi，雅玛拉文化中的歌舞 Pujllay and Ayarichi, music and dances of the Yampara culture（2014年）

Pujlay和Ayarichi是Yampara文化的主要音乐和舞蹈形式。它们相互补充，形成一个整体：Pujlay与雨季相连，Ayarichi与旱季相连。Pujlay主要由男性表演，在庆祝雨水带来的生命和富足的更新的同名仪式中。声音、舞蹈和服装让人想起“塔塔·普杰莱”，这是一个拥有无限能量的恶魔和富有成果的实体。一群音乐家吹长笛和单簧管。舞者们盛装打扮成塔塔·普杰莱，不知疲倦地围着一个装饰着食物的大祭坛转。Ayarichi在为统治社会和宇宙秩序并影响生命保护的各种天主教圣徒举行的节日中跳舞。该团体由四名演奏长笛和鼓的男舞者和两到四名年轻的女舞者组成。工匠们负责将服装精心编织到最小的细节。广泛的社区网络被动员起来组织仪式，并提供丰富的食物和饮料。在没有成年人参与的情况下，通常通过集体游戏和观察向儿童传播音乐和舞蹈知识。Pujlay和Ayarichi创造了Yampara社区之间的团结，作为与自然交流的首选方式。

2014年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Pujllay and Ayarichi are the main musical and choreographic forms of the Yampara culture. They complement each other and form a whole: Pujllay linked to the rainy season and Ayarichi to the dry. Pujllay is performed primarily by males, during the ritual of the same name celebrating the renewal of life and abundance brought on by rains. The sounds, dances and costumes evoke the ‘Tata Pujllay’, a demonic and fruitful entity with boundless energy. A group of musicians play flutes and a horn clarinet. Dancers, lavishly dressed as Tata Pujllay, tirelessly circle around a large altar decorated with food. Ayarichi is danced during festivals dedicated to various Catholic saints who govern the social and cosmic order and influence the preservation of life. The group comprises four male dancer-musicians playing panpipes and drums, and two to four young female dancers. Craftswomen are responsible for weaving costumes meticulously to the smallest detail. Extensive community networks are mobilized to organize the ritual and provide abundant food and drink. Transmission of musical and choreographic knowledge to children occurs without adult participation, often through collective games and observation. Pujllay and Ayarichi create unity among Yampara communities as a favoured way to communicate with nature.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2014.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region