【美洲·危地马拉】加利弗那语言、舞蹈和音乐 Language, dance and music of the Garifuna（2008年）

“加里富纳是一个混合血统的人口，融合了加勒比和非洲土著群体的文化元素，在18世纪被迫逃离加勒比圣文森特岛后，加里富纳人在中美洲大西洋沿岸定居。如今，加里富纳人社区主要生活在洪都拉斯、危地马拉、尼加拉瓜和贝尔我知道。

加里富纳语属于阿拉瓦坎语系，在几个世纪的歧视和语言统治中幸存下来。它有很多故事（乌拉加），最初是在守夜或大型聚会时背诵的。旋律将非洲和美洲印第安人的元素结合在一起，文本是加里富纳历史和传统知识的真实宝库，如木薯种植、捕鱼、独木舟建造和烤泥屋的建造。这些歌曲中也有大量的讽刺，伴随着各种各样的鼓和舞蹈，观众可以加入其中。

这些传统对加里富纳人的生活和生存仍然非常重要。长老们是维持许多仪式、节日和口头传统的人。然而，经济移民、歧视以及学校系统中完全没有加里富纳语正在危及其生存。虽然现在村子里只教一种语言。"

2008年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

A population of mixed origin incorporating cultural elements of indigenous Caribbean and African groups, the Garifuna settled along the Atlantic coast of Central America after being forced to flee from the Caribbean island of Saint Vincent in the eighteenth century. Today, Garifuna communities mainly live in Honduras, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Belize.

The Garifuna language belongs to the Arawakan group of languages and has survived centuries of discrimination and linguistic domination. It is rich in tales (úraga) originally recited during wakes or large gatherings.The melodies bring together African and Amerindian elements, and the texts are a veritable repository of the history and traditional knowledge of the Garifuna, such as cassava-growing, fishing, canoe-building and the construction of baked mud houses. There is also a considerable amount of satire in these songs, which are accompanied by various drums and dances, which the spectators may join in.

These traditions are still very important to the life and survival of the Garifuna people. The elders are the ones who maintain many of the ceremonies, festivals and oral traditions. However, economic migration, discrimination and the complete absence of the Garifuna language from the school system are endangering its survival. Although the language is still widely spoken, it is now taught in only one village.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2008.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region