【欧洲·塞浦路斯】莱夫卡拉花边制作 Lefkara laces or Lefkaritika（2009年）

塞浦路斯东南部Lefkara村的花边制作传统至少可以追溯到14世纪。莱夫卡拉花边受当地工艺、从1489年开始统治该国的威尼斯朝臣的刺绣以及古希腊和拜占庭几何图案的影响，采用手工设计，结合了四个基本元素：裙边、裁剪、缎面缝线填充和针尖镶边。这种艺术与社会实践的结合仍然是该村妇女的主要职业，她们在狭窄的街道或有盖的露台上坐在一起聊天时，创造出独特的桌布、餐巾和展品。通过多年的非正式接触，以及母亲或祖母在亚麻布上使用棉线的正式指导，年轻女孩对这一工艺的独特掌握被传授给了她们。当她彻底了解了自己的艺术后，这位蕾丝制作者利用她的想象力设计出既体现传统又体现自己个性的作品。蕾丝制作是莱夫卡拉女性日常生活的中心，也是她们身份的骄傲象征，这证明了她们能够欣赏多种影响并将其融入自己的文化。

2009年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

The tradition of lace-making in the village of Lefkara in southeastern Cyprus dates back to at least the fourteenth century. Influenced by indigenous craft, the embroidery of Venetian courtiers who ruled the country beginning in 1489, and ancient Greek and Byzantine geometric patterns, Lefkara lace is made by hand in designs combining four basic elements: the hemstitch, cut work, satin stitch fillings and needlepoint edgings. This combined art and social practice is still the primary occupation of women in the village who create distinctive tablecloths, napkins and show pieces while sitting together and talking in the narrow streets or on covered patios. Unique mastery of the craft is passed to young girls through years of informal exposure and then formal instruction by their mother or grandmother in applying cotton thread to linen. When she has learned her art thoroughly, the lace-maker uses her imagination to design work that embodies both tradition and her own personality. Testament to the ability to appreciate multiple influences and incorporate them into one’s own culture, lace-making is at the centre of daily life for women of Lefkara and a proud symbol of their identity.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2009.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region