【亚洲·土耳其】传统土耳其射箭 Traditional Turkish archery（2019年）

土耳其传统射箭包括原则、仪式和社会实践、传统设备的工艺、射箭学科和射击技术，这些都是几个世纪以来发展起来的。在传统的土耳其射箭运动中，有不同类型的学科需要步行和骑马练习。持枪者和练习者单独或集体训练，以提高技能，进行个人射击，并参加比赛和节日活动。传统射箭设备的工艺是该元素的关键组成部分。该设备由原材料制成，如在特定气候条件下在高海拔地区生长的树木、有机胶、角、肌腱、丝绸和皮革。因此，工匠必须对自然有深入的了解，包括植物、动物和气候。射箭器材一般用书法、装饰品和镶嵌物装饰。从事传统射箭设备工艺的工匠在保护射箭元素方面也发挥着重要作用，相关技能从师傅传授给学徒或通过自学。近年来，土耳其各地区女性射箭运动员和受训人员的数量显著增加，参与射箭运动的非政府组织的数量也显著增加。承载者和从业者通过采用适合当代条件的元素来确保元素的持续生存能力。

2019年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Traditional Turkish archery encompasses principles, rituals and social practices, the craftsmanship of traditional equipment, archery disciplines and shooting techniques that have evolved over the centuries. In traditional Turkish archery, there are different types of disciplines practised on foot and horseback. Bearers and practitioners train individually or collectively to improve their skills, carry out individual shootings and take part in competitions and festive events. The craftsmanship of traditional archery equipment is a key component of the element. The equipment is made with raw materials such as trees grown under certain climatic conditions at high altitudes, organic glues, horns, tendons, silk and leather. Craftspeople must therefore have advanced knowledge of nature, including plants, animals and the climate. Archery equipment is generally decorated with calligraphy, ornaments and marquetry. Craftspeople engaged in the craftsmanship of traditional archery equipment also play an important role in safeguarding the element, with the related skills being transmitted from master to apprentice or through self-learning. In recent years, there has been a remarkable increase in the number of female archers and trainees, as well as a significant increase in the number of non-governmental organizations involved in archery in various regions of Turkey. Bearers and practitioners ensure the continued viability of the element by adopting it to fit contemporary conditions.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2019.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region