【欧洲·爱尔兰】爱尔兰竖琴 Irish harping（2019年）

爱尔兰竖琴是爱尔兰岛人民身份认同的核心。竖琴是爱尔兰的国家象征，已经演奏了1000多年；它钟声般的声音和音乐吸引了所有听到它的人，在爱尔兰神话、民间传说和文学中都很受欢迎。如今，现代的竖琴不再是用一片柳树砍下的、用钢丝绳串起来、用钉子弹奏的竖琴，而是用各种各样的硬木制成，用肠子或尼龙串起来，用指尖弹奏。虽然一些男性和男孩会弹琴，但女性、女孩和儿童是主要的练习者。在艺术音乐风格中，相关技能通过听觉和/或记谱进行传播，而早期弦琴的当代演奏者是宝贵音乐遗产的承载者。当代竖琴手在应对不断演变的竖琴风格的同时，保护了古老的曲目，确保了其连续性。在过去的60年里，人们对竖琴演奏的兴趣有了很大的恢复，这是因为人们越来越重视竖琴在爱尔兰身份、语言和文化中的作用，现在竖琴的演奏者和练习者大约有1500人，而且这个数字正在稳步增长。竖琴演奏也帮助人们拥抱多样性，弥合分歧。

2019年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Irish harping is at the heart of the identity of the people of the island of Ireland. The harp is Ireland’s national symbol and has been played for more than 1,000 years; its bell-like sounds and music captivate all those who hear it and are celebrated in Irish mythology, folklore and literature. Nowadays, instead of a harp hewn from a single piece of willow, strung with wire strings and played with the nails, most contemporary harps are made with various types of hardwood, strung with gut or nylon, and played with the finger tips. While some men and boys play the harp, women, girls and children are the primary practitioners. Related skills are transmitted both aurally and/or by notation in the art music style, and contemporary exponents of the early wire-strung harp are bearers of a precious legacy of music. Contemporary gut-strung harpers have safeguarded the old repertoire and ensured its continuity while responding to evolving harp styles. There has been a major resurgence of interest in harp playing over the past sixty years thanks to a growing appreciation of the harp’s role in Irish identity, language and culture and bearers and practitioners now number around 1,500, a number that is growing steadily. Harp playing has also helped people to embrace diversity and bridge divides.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2019.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region