【欧洲·德国】合作社组织共同分享利益的理念和方法 Idea and practice of organizing shared interests in cooperatives（2016年）

“合作社是一个志愿者协会，为社区成员提供社会、文化或经济性质的服务，以帮助提高生活水平，克服共同的挑战，促进积极的变革。基于将个人责任置于国家行动之上的辅助原则，合作社允许社区成员参与社区活动通过共同的利益和价值观创造社会问题的创新解决方案，从创造就业机会和帮助老年人到城市复兴和可再生能源项目。任何人都可以参与，会员也可以获得该协会的股份，并对其未来的发展方向有发言权。该系统向农民、工匠和企业家提供低息贷款。如今，德国约四分之一的人口是合作社的成员，除了农民和工匠外，合作社还包括90%的面包师、屠夫和工人

2016年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

A cooperative is an association of volunteers that provides services of a social, cultural or economic nature to members of the community to help improve living standards, overcome shared challenges and promote positive change. Based on the subsidiarity principle that puts personal responsibility above state action, cooperatives allow for community building through shared interests and values creating innovative solutions to societal problems, from generating employment and assisting seniors to urban revitalization and renewable energy projects. Anyone can participate, with members also able to acquire shares in the association and have a say in its future direction. The system makes available low-interest loans to farmers, craftspeople and entrepreneurs. Today, about a quarter of Germany’s population are members of a cooperative, which besides farmers and craftspeople, includes 90 per cent of its bakers and butchers and

75 per cent of its retailers. Some cooperatives have also been set up specifically for students to gain experience. Associated knowledge and skills are transmitted by cooperatives, universities, the German Cooperative and Raiffeisen Confederation, The Akademie Deutscher Genossenschaften, the German Hermann-Schulze-Delitzsch Society and the German Friedrich-Wilhelm-Raiffeisen Society.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2016.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region