【欧洲·法国】格拉斯地区香水技艺：香水植物栽培，原材料加工和香水调制艺术相关知识 The skills related to perfume in Pays de Grasse: the cultivation of perfume plants, the knowledge and processing of natural raw materials, and the art of perfume composition（2018年）

与香水有关的技巧包括三个不同的方面：香水植物的种植；自然原材料的知识和加工；还有香水合成的艺术。这种做法涉及广泛的社区和团体，由格拉斯地区的活遗产协会（Association du Patrimoine Vivant du Pays de Grasse）召集。至少从16世纪开始，在长期以皮革鞣制为主的工艺行业中，种植和加工香水植物以及创造芳香混合物的做法已经在Pays de Grasse发展起来。香料植物栽培涉及广泛的技能和知识，例如与自然、土壤、天气、生物学、植物生理学和园艺实践有关的技能和知识，以及提取和水力蒸馏方法等具体技术。格拉斯的居民已经将这些技术变成了他们自己的技术，并帮助改进了它们。然而，除了技术技能，艺术还需要想象力、记忆力和创造力。香水可以建立社会联系，是季节性劳动的重要来源。相关知识主要通过一个长期的学习过程进行非正式传播，这一过程仍主要发生在香水行业。然而，近几十年来，人们对通过正规化教学实现学习标准化越来越感兴趣。

2018年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

The skills related to perfume in Pays de Grasse cover three different aspects: the cultivation of perfume plants; the knowledge and processing of natural raw materials; and the art of perfume composition. The practice involves a wide range of communities and groups, brought together under the Association du Patrimoine Vivant du Pays de Grasse (Living Heritage Association of the Region of Grasse). Since at least the sixteenth century, the practices of growing and processing perfume plants and creating fragrant blends have been developed in Pays de Grasse, in a craft industry long dominated by leather tanning. Perfume plant cultivation involves a wide range of skills and knowledge, for instance pertaining to nature, soil, weather, biology, plant physiology and horticultural practices, as well as specific techniques such as extraction and hydraulic distillation methods. The inhabitants of Grasse have made these techniques their own and helped improve them. In addition to technical skills, however, the art also calls for imagination, memory and creativity. Perfume forges social bonds and provides an important source of seasonal labour. Related knowledge is mostly transmitted informally through a long learning process that still takes place primarily in perfumeries. In recent decades, however, there has been a growing interest in standardizing learning through formalized teaching.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2018.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region