【欧洲·法国】格朗维尔狂欢节 Carnival of Granville（2016年）

格兰维尔狂欢节是一个为期四天的庆祝活动，将于周二举行，社区成员和附近的社区成员将参加。开幕式上，市长将钥匙交给国王嘉年华会（一个纸制人像），开始时是一系列的花车游行，其间穿插着游行乐队。这些花车总共约40辆，通常以幽默的方式关注时事、政治和名人，其中包括2500名“狂欢者”的作品，他们花了六个月的时间制作花车，以及一些小型模块，这些模块也有自己的特色。每个“狂欢者”都是一个委员会的成员，代表镇上的一个地区，或是一组相关的朋友、同事或家庭。当地部门也提供协助，建造一些花车，并为整体物流做出贡献。为不同年龄段的人举办社交舞会，并在城镇广场举行五彩纸屑大战。庆祝活动以一个“阴谋之夜”结束，狂欢节的观众伪装成服装，与爱人开玩笑，或不受惩罚地算账。最后，国王被判刑并在港口火化。格兰维尔嘉年华每年吸引10万名观众，有助于社区团结和归属感。相关知识在家庭和委员会内传播。

2016年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

The Carnival of Granville is a four-day celebration that takes place in the lead up to Shrove Tuesday involving members of the community and nearby communes. Opening with the mayor handing the keys to King Carnival (a papier mache figure), it begins with a series of float processions interspersed with marching bands. The floats, about 40 in total, often take a humorous look at current events, politics and celebrities and involve the work of 2,500 ‘carnivalists’ who spend six months creating them, as well as smaller modules that also feature. Each ‘carnivalist’ is part of a committee representing an area of the town or a group of friends, colleagues or families involved. Local departments also assist, constructing some of the floats and contributing to the overall logistics. Social balls for different age groups are held, as well as a confetti battle in the town square. The festivities finish with a ‘night of intrigues’ when carnival-goers disguised in costume joke with loved ones or settle scores with impunity. Finally, the king is sentenced and cremated in the port. Attracting 100,000 spectators annually, the Carnival of Granville contributes to community unity and a sense of belonging. Associated knowledge is transmitted within families and committees.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2016.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region