【非洲·赞比亚】赞比亚中央省伦杰族的姆巴舞蹈 Mooba dance of the Lenje ethnic group of Central Province of Zambia（2018年）

Mooba是赞比亚中部省份Lenje民族的主要舞蹈，自前殖民时代开始表演。在铜带省和卢萨卡省的部分地区，男女都有这种做法。在某些情况下，当舞蹈达到顶峰时，一些领舞者被称为巴乔巴（BaChooba）的祖先神灵附身；据说，在这一点上，灵魂在指挥舞蹈、击鼓和歌唱的过程中起主导作用。男舞者和女舞者都可以被巴乔巴神灵附身。这套服装包括彩色珠子、一条名为Buyombo的传统裙子，以及小牛身上佩戴的拨浪鼓。除此之外，主要的舞者还手持一根被称为Chimika的精神棍子和一个用动物尾巴做成的拂蝇器。Mooba同时具有娱乐和治疗功能，有助于社区的精神认同。由于该元素是在向公众开放的社交活动中进行的，孩子们可以自由地观察和学习它，由于其娱乐性，表演吸引了广泛的观众。几乎每个成年人都知道穆巴舞，因为它是伦杰人的主要舞蹈。Lenje社区还成立了团体，在任何地方表演，帮助在更远的地方推广这种做法。

2018年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Mooba is the main dance of the Lenje ethnic group of Central Province of Zambia, performed since pre-colonial times. It is also practised in parts of Copperbelt and Lusaka Provinces, by both men and women. On certain occasions, when the dance reaches its peak, some lead dancers are possessed by ancestral spirits called BaChooba; it is said that, at this point, the spirits take the lead in dictating the flow of the dance, drumming and singing. Both male and female dancers can be possessed with BaChooba spirits. The costume includes coloured beads, a traditional skirt called a Buyombo, and rattles worn around the calves. In addition, the main dancers hold a spiritual stick known as a Chimika and a fly whisk made out of an animal’s tail. Mooba serves both entertainment and healing functions, and contributes to the spiritual identity of the community. Since the element is performed during social functions that are open to the public, children can observe and learn it freely, with performances attracting a wide audience thanks to their entertaining nature. Almost every adult knows the Mooba dance as it is the main dance of the Lenje people. The Lenje community has also established groups that perform wherever they are invited, helping to promote the practice further afield.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2018.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region