【非洲·塞舌尔】穆提亚 Moutya（2021年）

穆蒂亚是被奴役的非洲人带到塞舌尔的，他们在18世纪初随法国定居者来到塞舌尔。他们过去常常晚上在森林里练习这种舞蹈，离他们主人居住的种植园房子很远。从历史上看，Moutya是一种对抗苦难和贫困的心理安慰，也是抵抗奴役和社会不公的手段。这是一种简单编排的性感舞蹈，传统上围绕篝火表演。使用的乐器是一种带有窄边的大鼓，由山羊皮制成，主要由男性演奏。舞蹈从篝火上的鼓声开始。一旦鼓声被加热，鼓手就开始敲打，人群中的男人们会喊出各种各样的主题，通常是社会评论，而女舞者则会用高音回应。男人和女人们开始以一种温和的节奏跳舞，包括臀部摆动和双脚移动。舞者们靠得很近，但没有身体接触。直到今天，摩提亚仍然是一种文化身份的表达形式，保留了它的传统舞蹈形式。它通常是自发地在社区内，以及在社会集会和文化活动。Moutya通过表演、观察和模仿进行非正式传播，并通过研究、文献和传播进行正式传播。

2021年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Moutya was brought to Seychelles by the enslaved Africans who arrived with the French settlers in the early eighteenth century. They used to practise this dance at night in the forest, at a distance from the plantation house where their masters lived. Historically, Moutya was a psychological comfort against hardship and poverty and a means of resisting servitude and social injustice. A sensual dance with simple choreography, it is traditionally performed around a bonfire. The musical instrument used is a large drum with a narrow rim made of goat hide which is played mostly by men. The dance begins with the heating of the drums over a bonfire. Once the drums have been warmed, the drummers set the beat and men in the crowd call out various themes, usually social commentaries, to which the female dancers respond in high-pitched tones. The men and women begin to dance to a moderate tempo involving hip-swaying and feet-shuffling. The dancers come close, but do not physically touch. Moutya continues to be a form of expression of cultural identity to this day, retaining its traditional dance form. It is usually performed spontaneously within the community, as well as at social gatherings and cultural events. Moutya is transmitted informally through performance, observation and imitation and formally through research, documentation and dissemination.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2021.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region