【非洲·突尼斯】克肯纳群岛的夏尔非亚捕鱼法 Charfia fishing in the Kerkennah Islands（2020年）

Kerkenah群岛的Charfia捕鱼是一种传统的被动捕鱼技术，它利用了海洋和陆地的水文条件、海底轮廓和自然资源。“charfia”是一个固定的渔业系统，由嵌入海床的棕榈叶组成，形成一个三角形屏障，阻挡落潮拉入的鱼的路径，并将它们导入捕获室，最后进入网或陷阱。与海底拖网捕鱼系统不同的是，这种捕集器可以让鱼存活并禁食，直到被养大。按照惯例，只有在秋分和六月之间才能安装和运行charfia，以确保海洋野生动物有一个生物休息期。Charfia一家每年都会重建，并伴随着一些社会习俗，如共享一顿饭或进行调查祈祷。charfia捕鱼的实践需要对水下地形和海流有广泛的了解。克肯纳的许多居民从很小的时候就学会了捕鱼，而一个rїs把他的渔场留给他的长子来保持所有权也是很常见的。职业培训中心也提供间接培训。Charfia捕鱼是Kerkenah群岛使用的主要捕鱼技术。整个当地社区在不同程度上参与了这一过程的不同阶段，从安装charfia和伴随的仪式到升起陷阱，这使得这成为所有克尔肯尼人的统一元素。

2020年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Charfia fishing in the Kerkennah Islands is a traditional, passive fishing technique that capitalises on the hydrographic conditions, seabed contours and natural resources both at sea and on land. The ‘charfia’ is a fixed fishery system consisting of palm fronds embedded in the seabed to create a triangular barrier, blocking the path of the fish pulled in by the ebb tide and channelling them into capture chambers and finally into a net or trap. Unlike bottom trawling systems that scrape the seabed, the traps keep the fish alive and fasting until raised. It is customary to install and operate the charfia only between the autumn equinox and June to ensure the marine wildlife have a biological rest period. The charfias are rebuilt each year, accompanied by social practices such as sharing a meal or rogatory prayers. The practice of charfia fishing requires extensive knowledge of underwater topography and marine currents. Many of the inhabitants of Kerkennah learn to fish from an early age and it is also common for a râїs to leave his fishery to his eldest son to perpetuate ownership. Vocational training centres also provide indirect training. Charfia fishing is the main fishing technique used in the Kerkennah Islands. The entire local community participates in the different phases of the process in varying degrees, from installing the charfia and the accompanying rituals to raising the traps, making this a unifying element for all Kerkennians.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2020.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region.