【亚洲·马来西亚】送王船——有关人与海洋可持续联系的仪式及相关实践 Ong Chun/Wangchuan/Wangkang ceremony, rituals and related practices for maintaining the sustainable connection between man and the ocean（2020年）

昂春仪式和相关习俗植根于崇拜昂雅的民俗习俗，昂雅是一位被认为可以保护人们和他们的土地免受灾难的神。该元素于15世纪至17世纪在中国闽南地区开发，现在主要集中在厦门湾和泉州湾的沿海地区，以及马来西亚马六甲的华人社区。那些在海上死去的人被认为是“好兄弟”，他们变成了孤独、漂泊的灵魂。仪式开始时，人们聚集在海边，欢迎王爷来到寺庙或宗族大厅，同时竖起灯杆，召唤“好兄弟”，将他们从痛苦中解救出来。就这样，这个元素被称为“行善”。表演引领着游行队伍，为王爷的驳船（木制或纸质模型）开辟了道路。这些表演包括高家戏和歌仔戏、不同的舞蹈，包括舞龙舞狮和木偶戏等。这一元素唤起了祖先出海的历史记忆，在遭遇海难等紧急情况时重塑了社会关系，并尊重人与海洋之间的和谐。它还见证了社区之间的文化间对话。

2020年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

The Ong Chun ceremony and related practices are rooted in folk customs of worshipping Ong Yah, a deity believed to protect people and their lands from disasters. Developed in China’s Minnan region between the fifteenth and seventeenth centuries, the element is now centered in the coastal areas of Xiamen Bay and Quanzhou Bay, as well as in the Chinese communities in Melaka, Malaysia. Those who died at sea are considered as ‘good brothers’ who become lonely, wandering souls. The ceremony begins by people gathering at the seaside to welcome Ong Yah to temples or clan halls, while lamp poles are erected to summon ‘good brothers’ and deliver them from torment. In this way, the element has been celebrated as ‘doing good deeds’. Performances head the procession and clear a path for Ong Yah’s barge (wooden or paper-made models). These performances include gaojia and gezai opera, different dances, comprising dragon and lion dances, and puppet shows, among many others. The element evokes the historical memory of ancestors’ ocean-going, reshapes social connections when confronted with emergencies such as shipwrecks, and honours the harmony between man and the ocean. It also bears witness to the intercultural dialogue among communities.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2020.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region.