【亚洲·泰国】诺拉，泰国南部舞剧 Nora, dance drama in southern Thailand（2021年）

诺拉舞是泰国南部一种活泼的杂技舞蹈和即兴演唱形式。表演通常包括长时间的口头祈祷，然后是主角的表演，主角的腿、手臂和手指动作精力充沛，动作精细。表演通常基于佛陀前世或传奇英雄的故事。乐团演奏节奏感强、节奏快的音乐，用传统的南方双簧管演奏旋律，并用鼓、锣、钹和木拍板演奏出强烈的节奏。诺拉的主要表演者——无论男女——都穿着色彩鲜艳的服装，戴着皇冠或头饰，戴着珠子，腰上系着鸟一样的翅膀，戴着华丽的围巾，还有天鹅尾巴，让他们看起来像鸟一样。表演者还戴着长长的金属指甲，指甲从指尖卷出来。Nora是一种以社区为基础的实践，对泰国南部人民具有深刻的文化和社会意义。表演使用当地方言、音乐和文学来加强当地人的文化生活和社会纽带。500多年前，诺拉在当地社区中心、庙会和文化活动中表演，并通过家庭、社区组织和教育机构的大师培训传承。

2021年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Nora is a lively and acrobatic form of dance theatre and improvisational singing from southern Thailand. Performances normally include a long oral invocation, followed by a presentation by a lead character who dances with vigorous and elaborate movements of the legs, arms and fingers. The performances are usually based on stories about the former lives of Buddha or about legendary heroes. An ensemble plays highly rhythmic and fast-paced music, with a traditional southern oboe providing the melody and strong rhythms produced by drums, gongs, cymbals and wooden clappers. The main Nora performers – whether male or female – wear colourful costumes with crowns or headdresses, beads, bird-like wings tied around the waist, ornate scarves, and swan tails that give them a bird-like appearance. Performers also wear long, metallic fingernails that curl out from the fingertips. Nora is a community-based practice with deep cultural and social significance for the people of southern Thailand. Performances use regional dialects, music and literature to reinforce cultural life and social bonds among local people. Over five hundred years old, Nora is performed in local community centres and at temple fairs and cultural events, and is passed on through training by masters in homes, community organizations and educational institutions.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2021.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region