【亚洲·沙特阿拉伯】传统萨杜编织 Traditional weaving of Al Sadu（2020年）

Al-Sadu（萨杜）的传统编织是指贝都因妇女制作的传统编织织物：在阿拉伯语中，“Al-Sadu（萨杜）”指水平风格的编织。织物是在地面织机上织成的一种经面平纹织物。这种布料形成了一种紧密编织、经久耐用的织物，织工们利用在自然环境中发现的天然纤维。贝多因人编织的图案以其简单、纯粹的形式反映了沙漠环境，几何图案以有节奏的重复和对称相结合。织工们还使用鲜艳的颜色，如红色和橙色，以活跃周围的环境。每件机织物的美丽取决于纺纱和织布的质量以及织工的专业技能——纱线越细，结构和设计图案就越明显和精致。Al-Sadu（萨杜）的主要持有者是年长的贝都因妇女，她们是纺织大师。纺织大师在将相关技能传递给他人（通常是在家庭内部）方面发挥着关键作用。此外，协会和教育组织在通过课堂或研讨会传授技能和知识方面发挥着重要作用。如今，持枪者和练习者编织Al-Sadu（萨杜）既是一种爱好，也是为了出售它。Al-Sadu（萨杜）物品反映了贝都因社会中女性角色的重要性，如今Al-Sadu（萨杜）已不再是一个功能性物品，而是一个象征着传统和深厚文化的物品。

2020年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Traditional weaving of Al Sadu refers to the traditional woven textile made by Bedouin women: in Arabic, ‘Al Sadu’ means weaving done in a horizontal style. The weaving is a form of warp-faced plain weave made on a ground loom. The cloth forms a tightly woven, durable textile and the weavers make use of natural fibres found in their natural environment. The patterns found in Bedouin weaving reflect the desert environment in its simple, pure form, featuring geometric designs combined to flow in rhythmic repetition and symmetry. Weavers also use bright colours such as reds and oranges to liven up the surroundings. The beauty of each woven item depends on the quality of the spinning and weaving and the expertise of the weaver – the finer the yarn, the more pronounced and delicate the structure and design pattern. The primary bearers of Al Sadu are older Bedouin women who are master weavers. Master weavers play a key role in transmitting the related skills to others, most often within the household. In addition, associations and educational organizations play an important role in passing on the skills and knowledge through classes or workshops. Today, bearers and practitioners weave Al Sadu either as a hobby or to sell it. Al Sadu objects reflect the importance of female roles in Bedouin society, and nowadays Al Sadu has become less a functional object and more an object signifying a tradition and a deep culture.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2020.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region.