【亚洲·哈萨克斯坦】哈萨克传统距骨游戏 Kazakh traditional Assyk games（2017年）

哈萨克传统的亚述游戏是哈萨克斯坦的古老传统。每个玩家都有自己的一套“亚述”，传统上是用羊距骨制成的，还有一套染色鲜艳的“萨卡”。球员们用他们的亚述人将其他亚述人赶出赛场，重点是骨头的位置。相关社区包括哈萨克斯坦的大部分人口，包括“亚述阿图”游戏联盟的成员，以及更大的练习者社区，主要是4至18岁的儿童。该元素是一项户外活动，有助于发展儿童的分析思维和身体状态，培养友谊和社会包容。它也是积极合作的好榜样，团结人们，无论他们的年龄、种族背景或宗教信仰如何。它在节日庆典和集会上被广泛采用，社区在维护这一习俗以及在哈萨克斯坦其他民族中推广这一习俗方面发挥着关键作用，使其成为国家童年的象征。它通过观察、广播和电视纪录片从大男孩传播给小男孩，目的是鼓励孩子们玩亚塞克语，让人们了解他们的文化遗产。

2017年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Kazakh traditional Assyk games are an ancient tradition in Kazakhstan. Each player has their own set of ‘Assyks’, traditionally made out of the talus bone of a sheep, and a ‘Saka’ dyed in bright colours. Players use their Assyk to knock out other Assyks from the field, and the focus is on the position of the bone. The community concerned comprises most of the population of Kazakhstan, including members of the Federation ‘Assyk Atu’ Game as well as the larger community of practitioners, mainly children aged between four and eighteen. The element is an outdoor activity that helps develop children’s analytical thinking and physical state, fostering friendship and social inclusiveness. It is also a good model for positive collaboration, uniting people regardless of their age, ethnic background or religious affiliation. It is widely practised at festive celebrations and gatherings, and the community plays a key role in safeguarding the practice, as well as in popularizing it among other ethnic groups in Kazakhstan, turning it into a national symbol of childhood. It is transmitted from older boys to younger ones through observation, as well as through radio and TV documentaries aimed at encouraging children to play Assyk and acquainting people with their cultural heritage.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2017.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region