【亚洲·格鲁吉亚】古代格鲁吉亚人的传统克维乌里酒缸酒制作方法 Ancient Georgian traditional Qvevri wine-making method（2013年）

乔治亚州各地都有Qvevri葡萄酒酿造，尤其是在种植独特葡萄品种的村庄社区。Qvevri是一种蛋形陶器，用于制作、陈酿和储存葡萄酒。Qvevri制造和酿酒的知识和经验由家庭、邻居、朋友和亲戚传承，他们都参加了社区采摘和酿酒活动。孩子们通过观察他们的长辈来学习如何照料葡萄藤、压榨葡萄、发酵葡萄酒、收集粘土、制作和烧制Qvevris。酿酒过程包括压榨葡萄，然后将果汁、葡萄皮、茎和果核倒入Qvevri中，Qvevri密封并埋在地下，这样葡萄酒在饮用前可以发酵五到六个月。大多数农民和城市居民都使用这种酿酒方法。葡萄酒在日常生活以及世俗和宗教活动和仪式的庆祝中起着至关重要的作用。酒窖仍然被认为是家中最神圣的地方。Qvevri酿酒传统定义了当地社区的生活方式，并构成了其文化身份和遗产不可分割的一部分，葡萄酒和葡萄藤经常在格鲁吉亚口头传统和歌曲中被唤起。

2013年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Qvevri wine-making is practised throughout Georgia, particularly in village communities where unique varieties of grapes are grown. The Qvevri is an egg-shaped earthenware vessel used for making, ageing and storing the wine. Knowledge and experience of Qvevri manufacture and wine-making are passed down by families, neighbours, friends and relatives, all of whom join in communal harvesting and wine-making activities. Children learn how to tend the vines, press grapes, ferment wine, collect clay and make and fire Qvevris through observing their elders. The wine-making process involves pressing the grapes and then pouring the juice, grape skins, stalks and pips into the Qvevri, which is sealed and buried in the ground so that the wine can ferment for five to six months before being drunk. Most farmers and city dwellers use this method of making wine. Wine plays a vital role in everyday life and in the celebration of secular and religious events and rituals. Wine cellars are still considered the holiest place in the family home. The tradition of Qvevri wine-making defines the lifestyle of local communities and forms an inseparable part of their cultural identity and inheritance, with wine and vines frequently evoked in Georgian oral traditions and songs.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2013.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region