【亚洲·菲律宾】伊夫高族群的哈德哈德圣歌 Hudhud chants of the Ifugao（2008年）

“Hudhud由传统上由Ifugao社区表演的叙事圣歌组成。Ifugao社区以其遍布菲律宾群岛北部岛屿高地的水稻梯田而闻名。它在水稻播种季节、收获季节、葬礼和仪式上进行。人们认为它起源于七世纪，HUD由200多首圣歌组成，每首圣歌分为40集。完整的背诵可能会持续几天。

由于伊夫高族的文化是母系的，妻子通常是唱圣歌的主体，而她的兄弟的地位高于丈夫。故事的语言中有大量的比喻性表达和重复，并使用转喻、隐喻和拟声词，使得转录非常困难。因此，很少有书面表达这种传统。这首歌讲述了祖先英雄、习惯法、宗教信仰和传统习俗，反映了水稻种植的重要性。叙述者主要是老年妇女，在社区中担任着重要的角色，既是历史学家又是传教士。哈德史诗由第一个叙述者和一个唱诗班交替吟唱，所有诗句采用单一旋律。

伊夫高人皈依天主教削弱了他们的传统文化。此外，HUD与人工收割水稻有关，现在水稻收割已实现机械化。尽管水稻梯田被列为世界遗产，但种植者的数量一直在不断下降。剩下的几个讲述人已经很老了，他们在努力传播知识和提高年轻人的认识方面需要得到支持。"

2008年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

The Hudhud consists of narrative chants traditionally performed by the Ifugao community, which is well known for its rice terraces extending over the highlands of the northern island of the Philippine archipelago. It is practised during the rice sowing season, at harvest time and at funeral wakes and rituals. Thought to have originated before the seventh century, the Hudhud comprises more than 200 chants, each divided into 40 episodes. A complete recitation may last several days.

Since the Ifugao’s culture is matrilineal, the wife generally takes the main part in the chants, and her brother occupies a higher position than her husband. The language of the stories abounds in figurative expressions and repetitions and employs metonymy, metaphor and onomatopoeia, rendering transcription very difficult. Thus, there are very few written expressions of this tradition. The chant tells about ancestral heroes, customary law, religious beliefs and traditional practices, and reflects the importance of rice cultivation. The narrators, mainly elderly women, hold a key position in the community, both as historians and preachers. The Hudhud epic is chanted alternately by the first narrator and a choir, employing a single melody for all the verses.

The conversion of the Ifugao to Catholicism has weakened their traditional culture. Furthermore, the Hudhud is linked to the manual harvesting of rice, which is now mechanized. Although the rice terraces are listed as a World Heritage Site, the number of growers has been in constant decline.The few remaining narrators, who are already very old, need to be supported in their efforts to transmit their knowledge and to raise awareness among young people.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2008.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region