【美洲·墨西哥】Charrería，墨西哥传统骑术 Charrería, equestrian tradition in Mexico（2016年）

Charrería是墨西哥放牧社区的传统做法。它最初是用来帮助牧民更好地管理来自不同庄园的牲畜。这些技术随后被传给了家庭中的年轻一代。如今，专门建立的夏瑞亚协会和学校通过培训社区成员，包括达到竞赛水平，协助继续传承这一传统，这也被视为一项运动。在观众面前表演的各种类型的沙雷亚被称为沙雷达。Charreadas让观众有机会看到牲畜放牧技巧，例如用野生母马和公牛套索和缰绳。训练有素的牧民们穿着传统服装，展示自己的徒步或骑马能力。传统服装的特点是为charro（男牧民）戴宽边帽，为charra（女牧民）戴彩色披肩。服装，以及练习所需的设备，如鞍座和马刺，由当地工匠设计和生产，构成了传统练习的附加部分。Charrería被认为是承载社区身份及其文化遗产的一个重要方面。从业人员还将这一传统视为向年轻一代传递重要社会价值观的一种方式，例如尊重和平等社区中的人。

2016年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Charrería is a traditional practice of livestock herding communities in Mexico. It was initially used to help herders managing livestock from different estates better coexist. Techniques were then passed on to younger generations within families. These days, purpose-built charrería associations and schools assist in continuing transmission of the tradition, also considered a sport, by training members of the community, including up to competition level. Various categories of charrería performed in front of an audience are called charreadas. Charreadas give spectators an opportunity to see livestock herding skills, for example roping and reining using wild mares and bulls. Trained herders demonstrate their abilities on foot or horseback while dressed in traditional costume that features a wide-brimmed hat for a charro (male herder) and a colourful shawl for a charra (female herder). The outfits, as well as equipment required for the practice, like saddles and spurs, are designed and produced by local artisans, forming additional components of the traditional practice. Charrería is considered an important aspect of the identity of bearer communties and their cultural heritage. Practitioners also see the tradition as a way of transferring to younger generations important social values, such as respect and equality for people in the community.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2016.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region