【亚洲·韩国】韩国清唱板索里Pansori epic chant（2008年）

“Pansori是一种由歌手和鼓手表演的音乐故事类型。这一流行传统的特点是富有表现力的歌唱、风格化的演讲、叙事和手势的保留，既包含精英文化，也包含民间文化。在长达八小时的表演中，男或女歌手在单管鼓的伴奏下在结合乡村和博学文学表达的文本上漫游。

Pansori一词来源于韩语pan，意思是“许多人聚集的地方”，sori的意思是“歌”。Pansori起源于17世纪的韩国，可能是萨满叙事歌曲的一种新表达方式。直到19世纪末，它一直是普通人的口述传统，到那时，它获得了更复杂的文学内容，在城市精英中享有相当大的知名度。构成潘索里宇宙的背景、人物和情境都植根于朝鲜半岛的朝鲜时期（1392-1910）。Pansori歌手接受长期严格的训练，以掌握各种不同的音色，并记住复杂的曲目。许多演奏家发展了个人的诠释风格，并以其独特的表演方式闻名于世。

受到韩国快速现代化的威胁，Pansori于1964年被指定为国家非物质文化遗产。这一措施刺激了慷慨的机构支持，反过来又促进了这一传统的复兴。尽管《潘索里》仍然是传统舞台艺术中最突出的流派之一，但它已经失去了许多原始的自发特征。具有讽刺意味的是，这种最近的演变是保存过程本身的直接结果，因为随着书面文本数量的增加，即兴创作往往会被扼杀。事实上，如今很少有歌手能成功地即兴表演，当代观众也不太愿意接受传统潘索里即兴创作和语言。"

2008年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Pansori is a genre of musical storytelling performed by a vocalist and a drummer.This popular tradition, characterized by expressive singing, stylized speech, a repertory of narratives and gesture, embraces both elite and folk culture. During performances lasting up to eight hours, a male or female singer, accompanied by a single barrel drum, improvises on texts that combine rural and erudite literary expressions.

The term Pansori is derived from the Korean words pan, meaning “a place where many people gather”, and sori meaning “song”. Pansori originated in south-west Korea in the seventeenth century, probably as a new expression of the narrative songs of shamans. It remained an oral tradition among the common people until the late nineteenth century, by which time it acquired more sophisticated literary content and enjoyed considerable popularity among the urban elite. The settings, characters and situations that make up the Pansori universe are rooted in the Korea of the Joseon period (1392-1910). Pansori singers undergo long and rigorous training to master the wide range of distinct vocal timbres and to memorize the complex repertories. Many virtuosos have developed personal interpretive styles and are renowned for their particular manner of performing specific episodes.

Threatened by Korea’s rapid modernization, Pansori was designated a National Intangible Cultural Property in 1964. This measure spurred generous institutional support, which in turn fostered the revival of this tradition. Although Pansori remains one of the most prominent genres among traditional stage arts, it has lost much of its original spontaneous character. Ironically, this recent evolution is a direct result of the preservation process itself, for improvisation is tending to be stifled by the increasing number of written texts. Indeed, few singers nowadays can successfully improvise, and contemporary audiences are less receptive to the impromptu creativity and language of traditional Pansori.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2008.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region