【亚洲•阿联酋】坦坦地区的木赛姆牧民大会 The Moussem of Tan-Tan (2008年)

坦坦的木赛姆是在摩洛哥西南地区举办的一年一度的撒哈拉牧民大会，30多个摩洛哥南部的部落和来自西北非洲的其它游牧民族聚集而来参加这一盛会。起初，这只是个自发和定期的牧民聚会，时间在每年五月间的某一周。部分农业人口和随季节游牧的人口会聚一起，集会提供了相聚、买卖、交换食品和其它产品的机会，并组织饲养骆驼和马匹的竞赛，举办婚礼、草药师咨询等活动。木赛姆大会也包含一系列的演出，如音乐表演、歌唱、赋诗比赛，以及其他哈赛尼口头传统和游戏。
　　从1963年起，大会采用了木赛姆形式（集经济、文化和社会于一体的年度集会），第一次组织的“坦坦地区的木赛姆”，用以推进地区传统的交流，使它成为一个交换物品、会见朋友和举行庆典的场所。木赛姆据说最初与穆罕默德•拉格达夫有关，他反抗法国和西班牙的占领，死于1960年，墓地位于该镇附近。1979至2004年间，由于安全问题，这里没有举办木赛姆大会。新型的木赛姆大会于每年九月举行，后来这成为正式的举办日。今天，关注保护自己生活方式、生活技能和传统的牧民们，希望“坦坦地区的木赛姆”帮助他们实现这些愿望。

Tantan Mussem is the annual Saharan herdsmen's Congress held in southwestern Morocco. More than 30 tribes from southern Morocco and other nomadic peoples from Northwest Africa gathered to attend the congress. Initially, it was a spontaneous and regular gathering of herdsmen for a week in May each year. Some of the agricultural population and the seasonal nomadic population gather together. The gathering provides opportunities for gathering, buying and selling, exchanging food and other products, organizing competitions for raising camels and horses, holding weddings, and consulting herbalists. The Mussem Convention also includes a series of performances, such as musical performances, singing, poetry contests, and other Hassani oral traditions and games.

Since 1963, the conference has adopted the form of Mussem (an annual gathering of economy, culture and society), and organized for the first time "Mussem of Tantan" to promote the exchange of regional traditions and make it a place for exchanging goods, meeting friends and celebrating. Mussem is said to have originally been associated with Mohammed Lagdaf, who resisted the French and Spanish occupation and died in 1960 near the town where the tomb was laid. Between 1979 and 2004, there was no Mussem Conference due to security problems. The new Mussem Convention is held every September, and later it becomes a formal day. Today, herdsmen who are concerned about protecting their lifestyle, life skills and traditions hope that Mussem of Tantan will help them realize these aspirations.