【亚洲·不丹】德拉迈茨的鼓乐面具舞 Mask dance of the drums from Drametse（2008年）

“Drametse社区的面具舞是在Drametse节日期间为纪念佛教大师Padmasambhava而表演的一种神圣舞蹈。该节日每年在这个不丹东部村庄举行两次，由Ogyen Tegchok Namdrol Choeling修道院组织。

舞蹈中有16名戴面具的男舞者，穿着五颜六色的服装，另外10名男子组成了乐队。舞蹈有一个平静和沉思的部分，代表着和平的神，还有一个快速和运动的部分，舞蹈者在其中体现了愤怒的神。舞者们穿着僧侣长袍，戴着带有真实和神话动物特征的木制面具，在主神殿苏尔德普湛进行祈祷舞蹈，然后一个接一个出现在主庭院中。乐团由钹、小号和鼓组成，包括大圆柱鼓“邦雅”、“拉格雅”、“小型手持式圆形平鼓”和用弯曲的鼓槌敲打的鼓“阿珍”。

几个世纪以来，德拉梅瑟·恩加查姆（Drametse Ngacham）一直在同一座寺院中表演。它的形式既有宗教意义，也有文化意义，因为人们认为它最初是由天界的英雄们表演的。19世纪，不丹的其他地方引入了德拉梅斯·恩加查姆版本。对观众来说，舞蹈是精神赋权的源泉，来自德拉梅茨以及邻近村庄和地区的人们参加舞蹈，以获得祝福。今天，不丹舞蹈已经从一个以特定社区为中心的地方活动演变为一种艺术形式，代表了整个不丹民族的身份。

尽管这一舞蹈受到了各代人的高度赞赏，但由于缺乏排练时间、缺乏培训体系以及年轻人的兴趣逐渐减弱，练习者的数量正在减少。"

2008年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

The mask dance of the Drametse community is a sacred dance performed during the Drametse festival in honour of Padmasambhava, a Buddhist guru. The festival, which takes place in this eastern Bhutanese village twice a year, is organized by the Ogyen Tegchok Namdroel Choeling Monastery.

The dance features sixteen masked male dancers wearing colourful costumes and ten other men making up the orchestra. The dance has a calm and contemplative part that represents the peaceful deities and a rapid and athletic part where the dancers embody wrathful deities. Dancers dressed in monastic robes and wearing wooden masks with features of real and mythical animals perform a prayer dance in the soeldep cham, the main shrine, before appearing one by one in the main courtyard. The orchestra consists of cymbals, trumpets and drums, including the bang nga, a large cylindrical drum, the lag nga, a small hand-held circular flat drum and the nga chen, a drum beaten with a bent drumstick.

The Drametse Ngacham has been performed in the same monastery for centuries. Its form has both religious and cultural significance, because it is believed to have originally been performed by the heroes and heroines of the celestial world. In the nineteenth century, versions of the Drametse Ngacham were introduced in other parts of Bhutan. For the audience, the dance is a source of spiritual empowerment and is attended by people from Drametse as well as neighbouring villages and districts to obtain blessings. Today, the dance has evolved from a local event centred on a particular community into an art form, representing the identity of the Bhutanese nation as a whole.

Although the dance is highly appreciated among all generations, the number of practitioners is dwindling due to lack of rehearsal time, the absence of a system for training and the gradual waning of interest among young people.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2008.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region