【欧洲·西班牙】帕特姆流行节日 The Patum of Berga（2008年）

“贝加节是一个受欢迎的节日，其起源可以追溯到中世纪的庆祝活动和伴随着科珀斯克里斯蒂庆典的游行。戏剧表演和各种肖像的游行活跃了这个位于巴塞罗那北部的加泰罗尼亚小镇的街道。庆祝活动每年都在科珀斯克里斯蒂周举行5月下旬至6月下旬。

市议会的特别会议、塔巴尔鼓（主持庆典的一种大型象征性节日鼓）的出现以及四重奏宣布了庆典。在接下来的几天里，举行了许多庆祝活动，其中最重要的是游行、仪式仪式、儿童仪式和完整仪式。塔巴（手鼓）、骑士（纸马）、狼牙棒（挥舞狼牙棒和鞭子的恶魔）、吉他（骡龙）、鹰、巨头矮人、普兰（火妖）和巨人纷纷打扮成撒拉逊人的游行队伍，表演杂技，燃放烟花，在欢乐的观众中传播音乐。所有这些角色一起表演最后一支舞蹈，提拉布尔舞。

几个世纪以来，贝尔加广场一直保持着世俗和宗教的混合特征，由于其丰富性和多样性、中世纪街头剧场的保存及其仪式成分，它在该地区的其他中世纪节日中脱颖而出。尽管庆祝活动的存续似乎得到了保证，但要注意的是，强大的城市和旅游开发不会导致这块土地的价值损失。"

2008年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

The Patum of Berga is a popular festival whose origin can be traced to medieval festivities and parades accompanying the celebration of Corpus Christi. Theatrical performances and parades of a variety of effigies animate the streets of this Catalan town located north of Barcelona. The celebration takes place every year during the week of Corpus Christi, between late May and late June.

An extraordinary meeting of the municipal council, the appearance of the Tabal (a large and emblematic festival drum presiding over the festivities) and the Quatre Fuets announce the festivities. Over the following days numerous celebrations take place, most important of which are the parades, the ceremonial Patum, the children’s Patum and the full Patum. The Taba (tambourine), Cavallets (papier mâché horses), Maces (demons wielding maces and whips), Guites (mule dragons), the eagle, giant-headed dwarves, Plens (fire demons) and giants dressed as Saracens parade in succession, performing acrobatic tricks, lighting fireworks and spreading music among the joyous audience. All of these characters join to perform the final dance, the Tirabol.

The Patum of Berga, which has preserved its mix of profane and religious features through centuries, stands out from the region’s other festivals that have come down from the Middle Ages owing to its richness and diversity, the preservation of its medieval street theatre and its ritual component. Although the survival of the celebration seems ensured, it is to be taken care of that strong urban and tourist development do not lead to a loss of value of the Patum.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2008.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region