制作十字架,在立陶宛已是风行全国的文化传统,它不仅是十字架和祭坛的制造,还包括十字架的圣化仪式和与之相连的仪式。由橡木雕成的十字架与天主教的仪式是联系在一起的,也与庆贺丰收和其他古代节庆活动密不可分。这些活动形成一种有400多年历史的文化,根植于基督教产生之前的异教传统之中。然而一旦十字架被牧师圣化,它即被赋予了不可分割的神圣意义。
  19世纪立陶宛并入俄罗斯(东正教)帝国,在这个时期以至后来苏联政权的统治下,这些十字架成为了立陶宛民族和宗教的独特象征。十字架高度为一至五米,常常饰有小屋顶、花卉和几何图形或雕像。十字架被放置在路边、村口、墓地和其他纪念碑旁。圣母玛利亚的雕像和其他圣像经常给处境悲苦的人们带来一种慰藉。供品不仅有食物、玫瑰、金钱,还包括花色围巾(婚礼时)和围裙(象征人丁兴旺)。十字架也是村庄里重要的聚会场所和社群团结的象征。

The production of the Cross, which has become a national cultural tradition in Lithuania, is not only the manufacture of crosses and altars, but also includes the sacrament of the Cross and the rituals associated with it. The cross, made of oak wood, is linked to the Catholic ritual and is inextricably linked to the celebration of the harvest and other ancient festivals. These activities form a more than 400-year-old culture rooted in the pagan traditions that preceded the emergence of Christianity.   Once the cross was sanctified by the priest, however, it was endowed with an indivisible divine meaning. Lithuania was incorporated into the Russian (Orthodox) empire in 19th century, a period that, even later under the Soviet regime, became a unique symbol of the Lithuanian nation and religion. The cross is one to five metres high and is often decorated with small roofs, flowers and geometry or statues. The cross was placed next to the roadside, the entrance to the village, the cemetery and other monuments. Statues of the Virgin Mary and other icons often bring solace to people in dire situations. Offerings include not only food, roses, and money, but also fancy scarves (weddings) and aprons (symbolizing thriving). The cross is also an important meeting place in the village and a symbol of community unity.

 


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