【欧洲·比利时】圣利芬斯 - 豪特姆年度冬季集市及牲畜市场 Houtem Jaarmarkt, annual winter fair and livestock market at Sint-Lievens-Houtem（2010年）

豪特姆年市（Houtem Jaarmarkt）是在比利时东南部东佛兰德省圣利芬斯－豪特姆（Sint－Lievens－Houtem）举办的一年一度的交易集市。每年11月11至12日，这座村庄就成为比利时交易牛和纯种马的最后一个重要的露天市场。狂欢与讽刺是节日的特点：一位狂欢节王子，在一个嘲笑本城生活中的政客的仪式上，接过城市的钥匙，象征性地成为市长；人们举行偶像游行，游行队伍中有巨人偶像和查理曼大帝传说中的贝亚德"马的偶像；在中央广场举行驱赶冬季之鬼的扫帚舞；青年男子打扮成女性，身穿紧身胸衣、推着婴儿车、撑着破碎的雨伞化妆游行；以及燃烧狂欢节偶像的仪式――在这个仪式上，人们尖叫着，庆祝将还会再持续一整晚。彩车游行队伍除了精心准备的正式彩车以外，还有许多积极的非正式团体，他们对过去一年本地及世界大事尽情嘲弄。阿尔斯特狂欢节已有600多年历史，每年吸引的观众达到10万人。狂欢节是这座城市所有社会阶层的集体努力的结晶，也是这座城市在这一地区的身份象征。既有把握时代变化的创新，又秉承着古老传统，继续着狂欢节集体的尽情欢笑与轻微的颠覆气氛，所有这一切把阿尔斯特城团结在了一起。

Houtem Jaarmarkt is the annual trading fair held in Sint-lievens-houtem, East Flanders Province, southeastern Belgium. Every year from 11 to 12th, the village becomes the last important open-air market for trade cattle and purebred horses in Belgium. Carnival and satire are the hallmarks of the festival: a carnival prince who takes over the keys of the city and symbolically becomes mayor at a ceremony mocking politicians in the life of the city; people hold an idol parade with giant Idol and the legendary Bayard Horse idol of Charlemagne; a broom dance in central square to drive away the ghosts of winter A young man dressed as a woman, dressed in a corset, pushing a pram, holding a broken umbrella make-up parade, and a ritual of burning carnival idols--a ceremony in which people screamed and celebrated that it would continue all night. In addition to the carefully prepared official floats, the floats parade has many active informal groups who have mocked local and world events over the past year. The Ulster Carnival is more than 600 years old and attracts 100,000 spectators a year. Carnival is the culmination of the collective efforts of all social strata of the city and the symbol of the city’s identity in this region. Not only to grasp the changes of the Times of innovation, but also adhering to the ancient tradition, continue the carnival collective laughter and a slight subversive atmosphere, all of which unites the city of Ulster.