【亚洲·越南】北宁官贺民歌 Quan Họ Bắc Ninh folk songs（2009年）

在越南北部的Bắc Ninh和Bắc Giang两省，许多村庄结对在一起，通过社会习俗加强了它们之间的关系，如Quan họBắc Nong民歌。这首歌由两个来自一个村庄的妇女和声演唱，另一个村庄的两个男人用相似的旋律回响，但歌词不同。传统上，女性戴着独特的大圆顶帽子和围巾；男人的服装包括头巾、雨伞和长袍。这400多首歌词以213种不同的旋律演唱，表达了人们在分手时的渴望和悲伤的情感状态，以及恋人相会的快乐，但习俗却禁止与唱歌的伴侣结婚。泉họ唱歌是常见的仪式，节日，比赛和非正式集会，在那里的客人将为他们的主人表演各种诗句，然后唱告别。年轻的男女音乐家可以在围绕唱歌组织的晚会上练习四种演唱技巧--克制、共鸣、铃声和断奏。Quan họ歌曲表达了该地区社区的精神、哲学和地方特色，并有助于在共享宝贵文化实践的村庄内部和村庄之间建立社会纽带。

2009年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

In the provinces of Bắc Ninh and Bắc Giang in northern Viet Nam, many of the villages are twinned, reinforcing their relationship through social customs such as Quan họ Bắc Ninh folk songs. The songs are performed as alternating verses between two women from one village who sing in harmony, and two men from another village who respond with similar melodies, but with different lyrics. The women traditionally wear distinctive large round hats and scarves; the men’s costumes include turbans, umbrellas and tunics. The more than 400 song lyrics, sung with 213 different melody variations, express people’s emotional states of longing and sadness upon separation, and the happiness of the meeting of lovers, but custom forbids marrying a singing partner. Quan họ singing is common at rituals, festivals, competitions and informal gatherings, where guests will perform a variety of verses for their hosts before singing farewell. Younger musicians of both sexes may practice the four singing techniques – restrained, resonant, ringing and staccato – at parties organized around singing. Quan họ songs express the spirit, philosophy and local identity of the communities in this region, and help forge social bonds within and between villages that share a cherished cultural practice.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2009.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region