【亚洲·日本】新泻县鱼沼地区苎麻布织造工艺 Ojiya-chijimi, Echigo-jofu: techniques of making ramie fabric in Uonuma region, Niigata Prefecture（2009年）

由苎麻植物制成的高品质、轻质图案纺织品非常适合炎热潮湿的日本夏季。Ojiya chijimi，Echigo jofu：在日本主要岛屿西北部的新泻县Uonuma地区开发的苎麻织物制造技术，标志着该地区气候凉爽，尤其是多雪的冬天。苎麻纤维用指甲从植物中分离出来，用手拧成线。在领带染色中，苎麻线束在染色前与棉花紧密结合，以便在使用简单的背带织机将线织成织物时产生几何图案或花卉图案。布在热水中清洗，用脚按摩，然后将湿布放在被雪覆盖的田野上10到20天，让阳光和雪蒸发释放的臭氧照亮。几百年来，用这种方法生产的衣服在各个社会阶层的人中都很流行。如今，这门艺术主要由较年长的工匠进行实践，它仍然是一种文化自豪感，也是增强社区认同感的重要工具。

2009年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

The high-quality, lightweight patterned textiles made from the ramie plant are ideal for the hot and humid Japanese summer. Ojiya-chijimi, Echigo-jofu: techniques of making ramie fabric in Uonuma region, Niigata Prefecture developed in the north-western part of Japan’s main island and bear the mark of the region’s cooler climate – particularly its snowy winters. Ramie fibres are split from the plant by fingernail and twisted into threads by hand. In tie-dying, bundles of ramie threads are bound tightly with cotton before dying so as to produce a geometric or floral pattern when the thread is woven into fabric using a simple back-strap loom. The cloth is washed in hot water and massaged with the feet, after which the wet fabric is placed on the snow-covered fields for ten to twenty days to be lightened by the sun and the ozone released by the snow’s evaporation. Clothes produced by this method have been popular among people of various social classes for centuries. Practised today mainly by older craftspeople, the art remains a point of cultural pride and an important tool for reinforcing a sense of identity for the community.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2009.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region