【亚洲·日本】冲绳传统音乐舞剧组踊 Kumiodori, traditional Okinawan musical theatre（2010年）

Kumiodori是在冲绳群岛发现的日本表演艺术。它以冲绳的传统音乐和舞蹈为基础，但也融入了来自日本大陆的元素，如野谷或歌舞伎，以及来自中国的元素。库米奥多里的戏剧讲述了当地的历史事件或传说，并配有传统的三弦乐器。这些短语有一种特殊的节奏，以传统诗歌和琉球音阶的独特语调为基础，用冲绳的古代语言表演。表演者的身体动作让人想起古代冲绳传统仪式上的蟒蛇。所有的角色都由男性演员表演，冲绳特有的技巧可以从舞台上的发型、服装和装饰中看到。加强传播的需要促使库米奥多里的表演者建立传统的库米奥多里保护协会，该协会培训表演者，恢复停播的戏剧，并定期进行表演。除了强调忠诚和孝道主题的经典作品外，新的戏剧也采用了现代主题和编舞，但保留了传统的Kumiodori风格。Kumiodori在保存冲绳古代词汇以及传播文学、表演艺术、历史和伦理方面发挥着核心作用。

2010年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Kumiodori is a Japanese performing art found on the Okinawa islands. It is based upon traditional Okinawan music and dance, but also incorporates elements from mainland Japan, such as Nogaku or Kabuki, as well as from China. Kumiodori dramas recount local historical events or legends, accompanied by a traditional three-stringed instrument. The phrases have a particular rhythm, based upon traditional poetry and the distinctive intonation of the Ryukyu scale, and are performed in the ancient language of Okinawa. The physical movements of the performers evoke those of a pythoness at traditional rituals of ancient Okinawa. All parts are performed by male actors, and techniques unique to Okinawa can be seen in the methods of hair-dressing, costumes and decorations used on stage. The need to strengthen transmission motivated Kumiodori performers to establish the Traditional Kumiodori Preservation Society, which trains performers, revives discontinued dramas, and carries out performances on a regular basis. In addition to classical works that emphasize themes of loyalty and filial duty, new dramas have been produced with modern themes and choreography, but retaining the traditional Kumiodori style. Kumiodori plays a central role in preserving ancient Okinawan vocabulary as well as transmitting literature, performing arts, history and ethics.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2010.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region