【亚洲·韩国】南韩－大木匠与传统的木结构建筑艺术 Daemokjang, traditional wooden architecture（2010年）

“Daemokjang”一词指的是传统的韩国木制建筑，特别是指采用传统木工技术的木工。这些从业者的活动还包括维护、维修和重建历史建筑，从传统的韩国房屋到纪念性的木制宫殿和寺庙。Daemokjang负责整个施工过程，包括建筑物的规划、设计和施工，以及下属木匠的监督。Daemokjang建造的木结构光滑、简单、朴素，这是韩国传统建筑的显著特征。传统的建筑工艺既需要技术技能来设计建筑，考虑到建筑的大小、位置和功能，也需要美感来选择建筑材料的木材，切割和塑造木材，组装和互锁单独的木块，而不使用钉子，创造所谓的“千禧关节”。Daemokjang的技术诀窍代代相传，需要几十年的教育和实地经验才能掌握。在利用传统技术修复纪念性建筑的过程中，大漠江的实践者用他们的艺术创造力重新诠释了传统建筑的美，并用他们的技术技能重新创造了传统建筑。

2010年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

The term ‘Daemokjang’ refers to traditional Korean wooden architecture and specifically to the woodworkers who employ the traditional carpentry techniques. The activities of these practitioners also extend to the maintenance, repair and reconstruction of historic buildings, ranging from traditional Korean houses to monumental wooden palaces and temples. The Daemokjang are in charge of the entire construction process, including the planning, design and construction of buildings, and the supervision of subordinate carpenters. The wooden structures created by Daemokjang are smooth, simple and unadorned – distinctive features of traditional Korean architecture. The traditional construction processes require both technical skills to design the building with consideration to its size, site and function, and aesthetic sense to select the lumber for the construction materials, cut and shape the wood, and assemble and interlock the separate wooden pieces without using nails, creating the so-called ‘joints that withstand a millennium’. The know-how of Daemokjang has been handed down from generation to generation and takes decades of education and field experience to master. In working to restore monumental buildings using traditional techniques, Daemokjang practitioners reinterpret the beauty of traditional architecture with their artistic creativity and re-create it with their technical skills.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2010.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region