【亚洲•蒙古】传统音乐：潮尔 Traditional music of the Tsuur(2009年)

潮尔音乐以乐器和声乐表演（同时融合了乐器和人的嗓子发出的声音）相结合为基础。潮尔音乐与阿尔泰地区的乌梁海蒙古人有着不可分割的联系，现在依旧是他们日常生活的一部分。潮尔音乐源于乌梁海蒙古人的古老习俗：通过模仿自然界的声音来表达对大自然及其守护神的崇拜。潮尔是一种木制竖型管乐器，有三个指孔。以门牙接触管乐器的吹口处，同时用嗓子发音，便会产生独特的、清晰且温和的低音哨声。传统而言，演奏潮尔通常是为了确保狩猎成功，祈求好天气，保佑旅途安全或婚礼圆满举行，以及其他节日祝福。潮尔音乐反映了一个人独自旅行时的内心感受，把人与自然联系在一起，是一种表演艺术。近几十年来，由于人们对民俗和宗教信仰的忽略与漠视，潮尔传统已渐渐衰退。许多地方都没有潮尔演奏者，各个家庭里也没有了潮尔。乌梁海蒙古人保存的40首知名潮尔乐曲完全凭借连续几代人的记忆传承，这一特征使得潮尔音乐十分脆弱，岌岌可危。

Chaoer music is based on the combination of musical instruments and vocal music performance (which combines the sounds of musical instruments and human voices). Chaoer music has an inseparable connection with the Mongolians in Wulianghai in Altai area, and it is still a part of their daily life. Chaoer music originated from the ancient custom of Mongolians in Wulianghai: to express the worship of nature and its guardian God by imitating the voice of nature. Chaoer is a wooden vertical wind instrument with three finger holes. A distinctive, clear and mild bass whistle can be produced by touching the mouthpiece of a wind instrument with the front teeth and pronouncing it in the voice at the same time. Traditionally, Chaoer is played to ensure successful hunting, to pray for good weather, to protect the safety of the journey or the successful wedding, and other festival blessings. Chaoer music reflects a person's inner feelings when traveling alone. It links man with nature and is a performing art. In recent decades, due to people's ignorance and disregard of folk customs and religious beliefs, Chao Er tradition has gradually declined. There are no Chaoer performers in many places and no Chaoer performers in families. The 40 well-known Chao'er music preserved by the Mongolians in Wulianghai rely entirely on the memory of successive generations, which makes Chao'er music very fragile and dangerous.