【亚洲•中国】黎族传统纺染织绣技艺 Traditional Li textile techniques: spinning, dyeing, weaving and embroidering （2009年）

 Project brief introduction

黎族传统纺染织绣技艺

黎族传统纺染织绣技艺是中国海南省黎族妇女创造的一种纺织技艺，它集纺、染、织、绣于一体，用棉线、麻线和其他纤维等材料做衣服和其他日常用品。黎族妇女从小就从母亲那里学习扎染经纱布、双面绣、单面提花织等纺织技艺。母亲们通过口传心授，传授技能。黎族妇女仅凭自己的丰富想象力和对传统样式的了解来设计纺织图案。在没有书面语言的情况下，这些图案便成为黎族历史、文化传奇、宗教仪式、禁忌、信仰、传统和民俗的记录者。这些图案还对海南岛的五大方言进行了区分。黎锦是黎族重要的社交、文化场合中不可或缺的一部分，如一些宗教仪式和各种节日，特别是婚嫁场合。每逢这些重要日子，黎族妇女都会为自己设计服装。作为黎族文化的载体，黎锦的传统纺织技艺是黎族文化遗产中必不可少的一部分。然而，近几十年来，掌握织、绣技艺的妇女人数急剧减少，黎锦的传统纺织技艺正濒临灭绝，急需给予保护。

Traditional Textile, Dyeing, Weaving and Embroidery Techniques of the Li Nationality

The traditional spinning, dyeing, weaving and embroidery technique of the Li nationality is a kind of textile technique created by the Li women in Hainan Province, China. It integrates spinning, dyeing, weaving and embroidery, and uses cotton, linen and other fibers as clothing and other daily necessities. Li women learn from their mothers textile skills such as tie-dyeing warp and gauze, double-sided embroidery and single-sided jacquard weaving. Mothers teach their skills orally and heart-to-heart. Li women design textile patterns only with their rich imagination and understanding of traditional styles. In the absence of written language, these patterns become recorders of Li history, cultural legends, religious rituals, taboos, beliefs, traditions and customs. These patterns also distinguish the five dialects of Hainan Island. Li brocade is an indispensable part of Li people's important social and cultural occasions, such as religious ceremonies and festivals, especially marriage occasions. On these important days, Li women design their own clothes. As the carrier of Li culture, Li Jin's traditional textile technology is an indispensable part of Li's cultural heritage. However, in recent decades, the number of women who have mastered weaving and embroidery skills has decreased dramatically, and the traditional textile skills of Li Jin are on the verge of extinction, which urgently needs protection.

【批准时间】2009年10月

 Approval date，October2009