【非洲·埃及】黑拉里亚史诗The Al-Sirah Al-Hilaliyyah Epic(2008年)

这部长篇口头流传的诗歌，又称黑拉里亚史诗。它讲述的是贝都因人巴尼•黑拉勒(Bani Hilal)部落，在公元10世纪从阿拉伯半岛移民至北非的传奇故事。这　个传奇式的部落曾统治了北非中部的大片领土长达一个多世纪之久，后来被摩洛哥人消灭了。
　　从中世纪到19世纪，阿拉伯的民间文化中出现了12部口头传唱的史诗，其中只有黑拉里亚史诗以其完整的音乐形式流传了下来。而且，这种曾经在中东阿拉伯世界广为流传的艺术形式，到今天只存在于埃及这一个国家了。
　　14世纪以来，史诗由专业诗人吟唱并自奏打击乐或“拉巴布” (一种二弦琴)。这种表演一般出现在婚礼、割礼仪式和私人聚会等场合，可持续50—100个小时。
　　吟唱史诗是一种重要的独特的文学和音乐表现形式，同时它还汇集了阿拉伯民族历史、习俗以及宗教信仰。许多与史诗相关的谚语和谜语现在仍在整个中东流传着，而且很多地区的地名以英雄名字命名。过去，传承人是在家族内部培养出来的，吟唱史诗是他们唯一的收入来源。直至今日，勤奋的学徒五岁便开始了学习，而且要坚持十年。学徒们要进行提高记忆能力的特殊培训，进行声乐和器乐的学习演练。同时他们还必须学会即兴评说，使故事情节更加贴近当代观众。

This oral verse, also known as the Hilaria epic. It tells the story of the Bedouin Bani Hilal tribe, who emigrated from the Arabian Peninsula to North Africa in the 10th century. This legendary tribe ruled a large territory in central North Africa for more than a century and was later wiped out by Moroccans. From the Middle Ages to the 19th century, there were 12 epic verses in the Arab folk culture, of which only the Hilaria epic was passed down in its complete musical form. Moreover, this art form that was once widely circulated in the Arab world of the Middle East has only existed in Egypt today. Since the 14th century, epics have been sung by professional poets and played percussion or "Rabab" (a two-stringed piano). This kind of performance usually occurs in weddings, circumcisions and private parties, and can last for 50-100 hours. The humming epic is an important and unique form of literary and musical expression. It also brings together the history, customs and religious beliefs of the Arab nation. Many epic-related slang and riddles are still circulating throughout the Middle East, and many places are named after heroes. In the past, the inheritors were cultivated within the family, and singing epics was their only source of income. To this day, the diligent apprentice began to study at the age of five and must persist for ten years. Apprentices are required to carry out special training to improve their memory and conduct vocal and instrumental learning exercises. At the same time, they must learn to improvise and make the story more relevant to the contemporary audience.