【亚洲•中国】京剧 Peking opera（2010年）

【项目简介】

 Project brief introduction

京剧是一种融合了唱、念、做、打的表演艺术。在中国各地都有广泛的表演，但北京、天津和上海仍是主要的演出中心。京剧的唱、念主要使用北京方言，剧本则遵循一系列注重形式和韵律的严格规则而创作。各剧目讲述历史、政治、社会和生活的故事，在娱乐的同时也传递信息。音乐在京剧中起到关键作用，不仅可以设定演出的节奏、营造出特别的气氛，而且还可以塑造人物并引导故事的进展。如“文场”使用管弦乐器，像音质高亢的京胡和长笛，而“武场”则使用班鼓、大锣等打击乐器来烘托。演出的特点是演员表演公式化与象征风格，这些都是通过既定的手、眼、身、脚动作编排来实现的。传统上舞台布景和道具保持在最低限度，但服饰华丽，脸谱夸张，并用简洁的符号、颜色和图案来描绘人物的个性与社会身份。京剧主要是在师徒之间进行传承，徒弟通过口头指导，观察和模仿学习基本表演技能。京剧被视为中国传统社会戏曲审美理想的集大成者，并且作为中国文化遗产得到广泛认可。

Beijing opera

Peking Opera is a performing art that integrates singing, reading, doing and playing. There are a wide range of performances in China, but Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai are still the main performing centers. The singing and pronunciation of Peking Opera mainly use the Beijing dialect, while the script follows a series of strict rules focusing on form and rhythm. Each play tells stories of history, politics, society and life, and conveys information while entertaining. Music plays a key role in Peking Opera. It can not only set the rhythm of performance and create a special atmosphere, but also shape characters and guide the progress of the story. For example, "Wenchang" uses orchestral instruments, such as Beijing Hu and flute with high sound quality, while "Wuchang" uses percussion instruments such as bandrums and gongs to set off. The performance is characterized by the formulaic and symbolic style of the performers'performance, which is achieved through the established arrangement of hand, eye, body and foot movements. Traditionally, stage settings and props are kept to a minimum, but the costumes are gorgeous and the facial makeup is exaggerated. Simple symbols, colors and patterns are used to depict the personality and social identity of the characters. Peking Opera is mainly handed down between teachers and apprentices. The apprentices learn basic performance skills through oral instruction, observation and imitation. Peking Opera is regarded as the epitome of the aesthetic ideal of traditional Chinese opera and is widely recognized as a cultural heritage of China.

【批准时间】2010年11月

 Approval date，November 2010