【非洲·摩洛哥】照料阿甘树的知识与实践 Argan, practices and know-how concerning the argan tree（2014年）

argan树是摩洛哥西南部Arganeraie生物圈保护区发现的特有林地物种。农村妇女，以及生活在保护区的男子，在较小程度上，采用传统方法从树的果实中提取阿甘油。通过模仿和非正规教育传播的不同任务需要获得这种油，这种油有多种用途，可用于烹饪、医药和化妆品。这些步骤包括收获水果、干燥、制浆、研磨、分类、研磨和混合。这种特殊的手工研磨机由当地工匠制造，混合过程中需要逐渐加入精确数量的温水。阿尔冈树的所有文化方面，包括种植阿尔冈树、榨油、准备食谱和衍生产品，以及为各种任务制作传统工具，都有助于社会凝聚力、个人之间的理解和社区之间的相互尊重。阿甘油是作为结婚礼物赠送的，广泛用于制作节日菜肴。“阿甘妇女”系统地传授了提取石油及其多种用途的传统专门知识，她们从小就教育女儿将其付诸实践。

2014年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

The argan tree is an endemic woodland species found in the Arganeraie Biosphere Reserve in south-west Morocco. Rural women and, to a lesser extent, men living in the reserve practise traditional methods to extract argan oil from the fruit of the tree. Different tasks, transmitted by means of imitation and through non-formal education, are required to obtain the oil, which has multiple uses for cooking, medicines and cosmetics. These include harvesting the fruit, drying, pulping, grinding, sorting, milling and mixing. The specific hand mill is manufactured by local craftspeople, and the mixing involves the gradual addition of warm water in exact quantities. All the cultural aspects of the argan tree, including the cultivation of the tree, oil extraction, the preparation of recipes and derived products, and the crafting of traditional tools for the various tasks, contribute to social cohesion, understanding between individuals and mutual respect between communities. Argan oil is given as a wedding gift and is used extensively in the preparation of festive dishes. Traditional know-how specific to the extraction of the oil and its multiple uses is systematically transmitted by ‘argan women’, who teach their daughters from a young age to put it into practice.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2014.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region